A few pointers about the series of blog posts on the underlying theory of modern orthodox neoclassical economics. Firstly, its aim has been to show how the marginalists developed a pure exchange theory of a market economy devoid of social classes in opposition to Marx's political economy approach. As a result, one comes to see how the political economy of the classical economists, like Smith, Ricardo and, especially, Marx, transforms into pure economics: hence, a shift in focus from how commodities are produced under a specific set of social relations of production to how they are traded in the market place. Secondly, it's a history of ideas piece of work, which is what philosophy does, sometimes. This means, then, that it's more concerned with sketching out the theoretical development of the underlying theory of modern orthodox neoclassical economics, rather than engaging in a direct critique of it (at this stage, anyway). And thirdly, it should be apparent that this underlying theory of modern orthodox neoclassical economics is fairly removed from the reality of an actual market economy like capitalism, notwithstanding the methodological reflections of Walras. That is, a real-world market economy like capitalism simply doesn't work as envisaged in this theory.
I am an Australian philosopher with a focus on the nature and history of science, the different socio-economic forms of capitalism and socialism, the prevailing neoliberal ideology of capitalist society, and the theoretical/methodological differences between modern orthodox neoclassical economics and Marx's critique of political economy. I work in the areas of the history and philosophy of science, political philosophy, Marxism, and the history and philosophy of economics. I am a social critic.
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